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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD, and appear to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. However, they cannot cure the condition and can only help manage symptoms as long as they're taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure as well as heart rate, anxiety, and tics. Certain teens and children who take stimulant medications have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and is the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms, including tablets that chew liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet that performs long, and a pill with extended release. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, helping to improve concentration. It can also help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. When combined with other treatments such as behavioral therapy, methylphenidate can be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug may cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. Patients with diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication as it could cause a rapid rise in blood sugar. If you encounter any of these side effects, talk to your doctor. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon that causes numbness in the fingers and feet. This is a rare but serious side effect. It is essential to inform your doctor if these symptoms occur. Some people are concerned that methylphenidate can slow down the growth of children. However this hasn't been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate ensure that you be attentive to their weight and height. If your child takes a tablet containing methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine, it could be harmful for children suffering from phenylketonuria. If you have PKU, consult your doctor about the different formulations of methylphenidate. Some people have difficulty with stimulants which are the most popular choice of medication for treating ADHD. In adhd medication side effects , doctors could prescribe another medication that performs in a similar manner. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These drugs are a little more potent than methylphenidate, and they can last longer. They are typically taken between two and three times a day, but some people can take them more often. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD, but these are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known under the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and decreases hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a class called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine two chemical messengers that regulate brain's activity. It is a popular choice for both adults and children who want a different type of medication than stimulants, such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is crucial to understand that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It could take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. In addition, you may suffer from side effects like drowsiness, decreased appetite, and upset stomach. However, the benefits of atomoxetine far surpass the risks for many patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study of 297 ADHD patients aged between 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine was verified. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either atomoxetine in a daily dose of 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for a period of 9 weeks. In both the atomoxetine and placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine treatment group showed more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was sporadic. In a separate open study, 10 patients suffering from ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group showed improved ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Rated screening version and Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales gaining significant. However, one patient developed an allergic reaction and was removed from the study. Three patients also reported temporary gastrointestinal symptoms, and one reported increased fatigue. Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine, talk with your physician about your medical history as well as any other medications or supplements that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medications. Inform your doctor if any of the following conditions occur: narrow-angle glaucoma; a thyroid or adrenal gland tumour or a high blood pressure heart disease or a history sudden death. Also, avoid atomoxetine if you have taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine or tranylcypromine, in the past 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce the amount of impulsivity and improve focus. However it doesn't affect the brain in the same way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are approved. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is crucial to follow the directions. If you stop taking it suddenly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. It is usually taken two or three times per day with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg twice or three times per day up to 150mg three or four times every day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and excreted into urine, which means that it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it can enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, so it's important to check it often. Bupropion is a great drug that, in addition to reducing ADHD symptoms it can also help reduce depression. It can also treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked from reaching your brain, which can help stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs It's therefore important to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's also important to determine if you have any allergies. It is also important to avoid caffeine and other stimulants that can make the side effects more severe. Numerous studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and the majority of them were not well-designed. Moreover, many of them did not include participants with psychiatric disorders. However, the research suggests that bupropion can have a slight impact on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to establish positive outcomes for patients like improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the connection between molecular pathways. Additionally, it's important to know how various anti-ADHD drugs work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants If the stimulants prescribed to children suffering from ADHD don't work or cause troublesome side effects, doctors may turn to antidepressants as a treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), work by increasing the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to aid in concentration. These older drugs can have severe adverse consequences. They are typically employed when other drugs fail. The first option for depression-related antidepressants is typically a serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like sertraline, fluoxetine or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, that have been in use for decades, may still be used in some cases. These medications are effective in treating neuropathic pain and other conditions, but their antidepressant effect is not the same. They potentiate noradrenephrine by inhibiting its reuptake, and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have less adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic to animals or humans. But they can have significant withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. Your doctor may recommend slowly lowering the dose over several weeks to reduce the effects. While not officially approved by the FDA as an adhd medication Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to increase neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It's also known to relieve anxiety, and it can be used in conjunction with stimulants to achieve more rapid and long-lasting results. While there aren't any FDA-approved nonstimulant medications for ADHD however, many people get relief from the use of nutritional supplements and herbs. A diet low on fat and sugar can help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine can also be helpful for some. Tell your doctor all medicines you or your child take such as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will prevent interactions and reduce the risk of unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error to find the right dosage and dose for your child or you.